Energy

A power purchase agreement binds parties for decades while settling monthly from metered quantities, computed prices, and curtailment adjustments. Renewable-credit accounting layers transfer records on top. When a settlement is disputed — this month, or in year twelve — the questions are always the same: what did the meter data say, which computation produced the invoice amount, what was actually paid against what was expected, and are the records being examined the records that existed then? The parties' systems disagree precisely when the money disagrees. FORAY gives each settlement record an anchored commitment on a public chain: any later restatement is detectable because the bytes no longer reproduce the anchor. Records are tamper-evident, and the evidence horizon matches the asset's, because legacy records are accepted and verifiable permanently.

The agreement is an Arrangement carrying its term maturity as a catalog fact. Generation-period recognitions are Accruals with declared computation methods and inputs (metered quantity, contract price). The expected monthly payment is an Anticipation; the payment is an Action whose allocations attribute exactly what cleared. The worked examples:

• Solar PPA: Monthly Generation and Settlement — the sector's record, end to end: a term Arrangement, two generation Accruals, and a partial allocation after curtailment, where the settled amount attributes exactly across what was and wasn't delivered.
• Depreciation: Accrual-Only Adjusting Entry — asset-base recognition with the formula-block discipline: computation method, a salted formula identifier, named inputs, numeric output. The declared method is fixed at origination and provable unaltered years later; a meter-based settlement computation carries its declaration the same way.
• Combined Payment: One Action, Two Allocations — multi-invoice settlement attribution under the exact-decimal law: allocation amounts sum to the settled amount exactly, no tolerance.

Renewable-credit transfers carry no sector-native template in the generator's current set; structurally a credit transfer is an Arrangement-referenced Action with exact allocation — the shapes above — and any sector-native exemplar would be authored as a generator template under the standing rule that no example anywhere is hand-written.

The anchor is permanent; the holder's ability to use it is exactly as durable as their custody — and in this sector custody must be planned on the asset's horizon, not the accounting period's. For every anchored record the holder keeps the exact record bytes, the full anchoring response (salt and window material), the formula packages behind settlement computations, and the anchor reference; completeness is demonstrated with a custody sheet a second party can re-verify, and custody must outlive the people who captured it. The Evidence Custody Model states the package, retention doctrine, refresh cadence, and succession expectations in full.

Verification is holder-side and requires no access to DUNIN7. The proofs page demonstrates the full check against live mainnet anchors — hash the body, rebuild the commitment with the salt, match the chain — and the Verifier Specification defines the procedure for any independent implementation. A validation PASS attests conformance to the ruled shape; the trust model is the precise statement of what every FORAY proof covers.