Depreciation: Accrual-Only Adjusting Entry

Month-end recognition with a formula block and no settlement

The scenario

Granite Peak Fabrication Inc closes July 2026 and records straight-line depreciation of 1,041.67 USD on a CNC mill. Nothing is paid to anyone — this is recognition, not settlement.

How FORAY models it

The record is a single Accrual. Its formula block carries the computation method (F17), a salted formula identifier (F18), the named inputs (F19) and the numeric output (F20). The period the recognition covers is flat on the element: period start (F13) and period end (F14).

The formula identifier proves definition retention — the declared formula is fixed at origination and provable unaltered years later.

What to observe in the record

  • The method note rides in the element’s residue (F25) — recorded and hashed with the rest of the record.
  • The formula inputs are an object keyed by input name; the output is a number.
  • No Action exists and none is implied: an adjusting entry settles nothing.

Wire 4.2 record

This record is a teaching example, emitted by the FORAY generator (template accrual-led-depreciation) — not hand-written. No blockchain anchoring has occurred or is implied; anchor-related fields are placeholders. Parties, amounts, and dates are illustrative. Wire keys are catalog codes (F-codes); the readable names used in the prose above are the implementer register, which never appears in hashed bytes.

{
  "F1": "GL_2026_07_DEPR_EQUIP_009",
  "F2": "GL_2026_07_DEPR_EQUIP_009",
  "F3": "Granite Peak Fabrication Inc",
  "F7": 1041.67,
  "F8": "USD",
  "F26": "depreciation_adjusting_entry",
  "schema_version": "4.2",
  "timestamp": "2026-07-31T23:59:00Z",
  "arrangements": [],
  "accruals": [
    {
      "F4": "equipment_depreciation",
      "F7": 1041.67,
      "F13": "2026-07-01T00:00:00Z",
      "F14": "2026-07-31T23:59:59Z",
      "F17": "Calculated",
      "F18": "hash_8c2e5f7a1b4d90362718a5c4e7f0b2d5",
      "F19": {
        "asset_cost": 62500,
        "salvage_value": 0,
        "useful_life_months": 60
      },
      "F20": 1041.67,
      "F22": [],
      "F25": {
        "method_note": "Straight-line, month 14 of 60, CNC mill asset 4471"
      },
      "id": "ACC_DEPR_CNC_2026_07"
    }
  ],
  "anticipations": [],
  "actions": [],
  "component_hashes": {
    "accruals": "sha256:PLACEHOLDER"
  },
  "merkle_root": "sha256:PLACEHOLDER",
  "blockchain_anchor": {
    "anchored_at": null,
    "block_height": null,
    "confirmation_time_ms": null,
    "kaspa_tx_id": null
  }
}

Canonical form — the hashed bytes

The canonical byte form is a single line: F-coded members in ascending numeric order, envelope members in their ruled enumeration, one legal spelling per number. The hash below is computed over exactly the bytes shown — copy the line into any SHA-256 tool to reproduce it.

{"F1":"GL_2026_07_DEPR_EQUIP_009","F2":"GL_2026_07_DEPR_EQUIP_009","F3":"Granite Peak Fabrication Inc","F7":1041.67,"F8":"USD","F26":"depreciation_adjusting_entry","schema_version":"4.2","timestamp":"2026-07-31T23:59:00Z","arrangements":[],"accruals":[{"F4":"equipment_depreciation","F7":1041.67,"F13":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","F14":"2026-07-31T23:59:59Z","F17":"Calculated","F18":"hash_8c2e5f7a1b4d90362718a5c4e7f0b2d5","F19":{"asset_cost":62500,"salvage_value":0,"useful_life_months":60},"F20":1041.67,"F22":[],"F25":{"method_note":"Straight-line, month 14 of 60, CNC mill asset 4471"},"id":"ACC_DEPR_CNC_2026_07"}],"anticipations":[],"actions":[],"component_hashes":{"accruals":"sha256:PLACEHOLDER"},"merkle_root":"sha256:PLACEHOLDER","blockchain_anchor":{"anchored_at":null,"block_height":null,"confirmation_time_ms":null,"kaspa_tx_id":null}}

Canonical-bytes SHA-256: 5bd00ccf1c8f3c940469c890bbee52af203a29d764f90341b0bf77a12ea89cc2

Validated against the live validator (POST /api/validate-foray): 0 errors, 0 warnings.